BMW hydrogen engine ... the highest levels of efficiency

Posted January 4, 2010 | Category: Cars

The BMW Group Forschung und Technik (FIZ) in collaboration with researchers in Graz and Vienna (Austria) H2Bvplus involved in the project, has succeeded in developing a hydrogen engine monovalent characterized by a geometry typical of diesel engines and direct injection technology with progressive H ₂ at high pressure, achieving efficiencies 42 percent of the best diesel engines. Partners in the project, which is sponsored by the Austrian Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology (BMVIT), are the Institute for internal combustion engines and thermodynamics of the Graz University of Technology, the HyCentA Research GmbH in Graz, and the HOERBIGER ValveTec GmbH in Vienna.

"In light of the limited availability of fossil fuels and the increasing impact of emissions on the environment - said Professor Dr. Raymond Freymann, managing director of BMW Forschung und Technik GmbH - we believe that the internal combustion engine Hydrogen will assume an important position in the range of future products and alternative propulsion concepts. Contribute significantly to the preservation of individual mobility to the same high level that customers expect. "

The newly developed combustion system combines the strengths of the concepts of spark ignition and diesel engines, using both the beneficial properties of hydrogen combustion to achieve efficiency, in part, surpassing even the most advanced turbo diesel engines . In doing so, the engineers have based their work on the draft joint EU HyICE, during which the maximum specific power up to 100 kW per liter has been demonstrated for a hydrogen combustion spark ignition.

Engineers of the BMW Group Forschung und Technik have developed a new hydrogen warhead for the operation based on a diesel engine production. The combustion chamber of the engine was set jointly by BMW and the Graz University of Technology using numerical simulations of the flow.

HOERBIGER ValveTec GmbH has designed high-pressure injectors for direct injection of hydrogen into the combustion chamber at pressures to 300 bar. These primers were tested and calibrated at the Hydrogen Center Austria, which also provided the infrastructure for hydrogen. Extensive tests on the counters of the Institute for internal combustion engines, Graz University of Technology have shown that the ideal solution consists of a combination of the spark ignition systems and ignition diesel combustion with the surface through a candle filament and its stratified combustion.

Consequently, it can be covered the full range of mapping engine characteristics of a typical passenger car, reaching an efficiency of 43 percent. The advantages are represented by an increase in specific power and reduced fuel consumption. Despite the early stage of development, this combustion system efficiency reaches values of the best performing diesel engines currently on the market that make recording maximum efficiency of 42 percent. Since the heat of the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines can be well used, thanks to the high temperatures generated, further increases overall efficiency will be possible in the future as a result of the exploitation of this heat.

BMW Forschung und Technik GmbH (FIZ) is a 100% subsidiary of BMW AG and was responsible for research within the BMW Group since 2003. His areas of expertise concerning the vehicle technology, CleanEnergy (hydrogen propulsion technology), EfficientDynamics (intelligent energy management / alternative propulsion systems), ConnectedDrive (driver assistance / active safety) and ITDrive (IT and technology communications). Its legal independence as a limited liability company guarantees creative freedom and maximum flexibility. Global access to new trends and technologies is ensured by an established international network with subsidiaries in the U.S. (Palo Alto, CA and Clemson, SC), Japan (Tokyo), as well as liaison offices in France with Eurecom (Sophia Antipolis) and Germany (Saarbruücken) with the German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI GmbH).

HOERBIGER ValveTec GmbH is a company of the Division of solutions engines HOERBIGER Group. HOERBIGER is active worldwide as a leading player in compression technology, automation and propulsion. Its activities focus mainly on key components and services for compressors, gas engines, turbo machinery, hydraulic systems and piezo technology for vehicles and machine tools and components and systems for the operation of transmissions and clutches in transmissions of vehicles all kinds.

The main objective of the Institute for internal combustion engines and thermodynamics of the Graz University of Technology is to pursue innovative research and teaching internationally recognized in the related fields of energy, engine, transport and environment, the 'intent is also to contribute in particular to the solution of environmental problems. In the "Innovative combustion", new combustion processes are developed not only for conventional fuels, but also for alternative fuels (eg. Natural gas) and alternative energy carriers (eg. 'S hydrogen), which are becoming increasingly important. Typically, these research activities are aimed at all important goals such as efficiency and power density, as well as minimum emissions.

The HyCentA (Hydrogen Center Austria) promotes the use of hydrogen as energy carrier regeneration. With its test center and the first hydrogen filling station in Austria, HyCentA serves as a center of gravity and information platform for hydrogen research-oriented and development activities.

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